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Test of Visual Perceptual Skills, 4th Ed.

Enter TVPS-4 overall, index, and subtest scores to generate a comprehensive motor-free visual perceptual narrative with 95% confidence intervals, Basic vs. Sequencing/Complex index discrepancy analysis, and evidence-based recommendations.

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Motor-Free Visual Perception Gold Standard: The TVPS-4 (Martin, 2017) assesses 7 visual perceptual skills — Visual Discrimination, Visual Memory, Spatial Relationships, Form Constancy (Basic Processes), Visual Sequential Memory, Figure-Ground, and Visual Closure (Sequencing/Complex) — without any motor demands. Critical for differentiating visual perceptual deficits from visual-motor integration issues when used alongside the Beery VMI. Affects reading, math, writing, and classroom navigation.
Student / Examinee Information
Overall Visual Perceptual Ability At least one score required
Standard Score scale: Mean = 100, SD = 15 (typical range 40–160). Classification: Very Superior (131+), Superior (121–130), Above Average (111–120), Average (90–110), Below Average (80–89), Poor (70–79), Very Poor (≤69).
Global Composite
Overall Visual Perceptual Ability
OVPA — Global composite
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Index Scores (standard scores, recommended)
Standard Score scale: Mean = 100, SD = 15. Enter TVPS-4 index standard scores for each domain administered.
Basic Processes · Index
Basic Processes Index
VD + VM + SR + FC subtests
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Seq/Complex · Index
Sequencing/Complex Processes Index
VSM + VFG + VC subtests
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Subtest Scaled Scores (scaled scores, optional)
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Scaled Score scale: Mean = 10, SD = 3 (range 1–19). Enter individual subtest scaled scores if obtained.
Basic Processes Subtests
Visual Discrimination (VD)
Matching/distinguishing features among similar visual forms — sensitivity to fine visual differences
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Visual Memory (VM)
Recalling dominant features of a visual stimulus — short-term visual memory encoding & retrieval
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Spatial Relationships (SR)
Perceiving position of objects in relation to self/others — directionality, spatial orientation
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Form Constancy (FC)
Identifying forms changed in size, rotated, reversed, or hidden — form recognition across transformations
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Sequencing / Complex Processes Subtests
Visual Sequential Memory (VSM)
Recalling a sequence of visual items in correct order — visual-sequential memory & ordered recall
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Visual Figure-Ground (VFG)
Finding a form hidden in a complex background — selective visual attention & figure-ground separation
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Visual Closure (VC)
Identifying a complete form from only fragments — visual completion & rapid perceptual closure
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